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Acne, also known as acne vulgaris , is a chronic skin condition that occurs when dead skin cells and excess oil clog hair follicles. The most common symptoms include blackheads or whiteheads , pimples, oily skin, and, in some cases, scarring . It primarily affects areas with a greater number of sebaceous glands, such as the face, upper chest, and back . Its appearance can lead to a lack of confidence, anxiety, low self-esteem , and even depression in more severe cases.
The predisposition to acne is primarily genetic in 80% of cases. Factors such as diet or smoking have no clear relationship with the disease, and neither excessive cleaning nor sun exposure directly influences its appearance. In both sexes, androgen hormones play an important role by increasing sebum production . Another common factor is the overgrowth of the bacteria Cutibacterium acnes , which naturally occurs in the skin.
